Expert Consensus on Sepsis Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

To give full play to the therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in sepsis， clarify the entry point of integrated TCM and western medicine， further standardize the clinical treatment of TCM， develop a recognized and integrated treatment protocol of TCM and western medicine， and improve the clinical efficacy on sepsis，the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized TCM and western medicine experts specialized in sepsis treatment to conduct in-depth discussions on the advantages of TCM and integrated TCM and western medicine in the treatment of sepsis based on the TCM etiology and pathogenesis of sepsis， a representative acute and critical disease. They emphasized the pathogenesis characteristics of asthenia of healthy Qi and sthenia of pathogenic factors and summarized the roles of Chinese medicine in correcting the imbalance of inflammatory response， improving blood coagulation dysfunction， and relieving organ damage. Furthermore， they proposed the treatment protocol with integrated TCM and western medicine， which is expected to provide references for actual clinical treatment and scientific research.

Mechanism of rhein inhibition of colorectal cancer through arginine metabolism based on protein chip / 药学学报

Rhein is an anthraquinone compound extracted from rhubarb, aloe vera, Polygonum multiflorum. In this study, we screened the potential targets of rhein through protein chip technology and investigated the underlying mechanism of its inhibition of colorectal cancer. Colony formation assay and scratch assay were used to examine the effect of rhein on the proliferation and migration abilities of HCT116 cell; KEGG and protein interaction analyses of rhein specific binding proteins by screening rhein binding proteins using protein chip; qRT-PCR and Western blot assays were used to determine the effect of rhein on the expression levels of BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) in HCT116 cell. The antitumor effect of rhein was verified by azoxymethane combined with dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced colorectal cancer model. Experimental animal procedures were performed in accordance with animal welfare and the standards of the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of South China Agricultural University, with approval from the ethics committee. In vivo and in vitro results indicate that rhein specific binding proteins are mainly involved in amino acid anabolism, especially the arginine anabolic signaling pathway. Rhein inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCT116 cell in a concentration-dependent manner. Treated with rhein for 24 h significantly enhanced the expression of BAX and ASS1 in HCT116 cells, as well as the level of nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. In a mouse model of colorectal cancer, rhein significantly alleviated AOM/DSS induced weight loss and reduced fecal occult blood score. Meanwhile, rhein enhanced BAX and ASS1 expression in colon tumor tissue, as well as increased arginine and NO in serum. IHC and HE stain indicated that rhein alleviated Ki67 expression and macrophage infiltration in the colonic tissue of mice with AOM/DSS and delayed tumor formation. In conclusion, rhein can exert antitumor activity by regulating arginine and NO metabolism through ASS1.

Tanreqing Injection () for Patients with Influenza: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Tanreqing Injection (, TRQI) combined with conventional treatment on clinical outcomes in the treatment of patients with influenza.@*METHODS@#The electronic databases searched were Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE (PubMed), EMbase (OvidSP), Chinese Bio-medical Literature and Retrieval System (Sinomed), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and we checked the reference sections of the retrieved articles as well. The search was performed in October 2018, and we used the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that corresponded to the new diagnostic criteria for influenza. Two review authors independently screened the internalized articles in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement checklist. We evaluated the quality of the articles and extracted the data from the studies using the Revmen5.3 software.@*RESULTS@#We included 12 RCTs of over 882 cases in this meta-analysis. Compared to conventional treatment, TRQI combined with conventional treatment could increase the total effective rate [9 RCTs, n=648, odds ratio (OR): 4.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.94, 8.24, P<0.0001, random effects model], decrease the average time for fever clearance [7 RCTs, n=564, mean difference (MD): -1.08, 95% CI: -1.68, -0.48, P=0.0004, random effects model] and decrease the time for resolution of cough (5 RCTs, n=362, MD: -1.76, 95% CI: -2.63, -0.90, P<0.0001, random effects model).@*CONCLUSION@#Based on this meta-analysis of RCTs, TRQI combined with conventional treatment had a statistically significant benefit in increasing the total effective treatment rate and reducing the time for fever clearance as well as time for resolution of cough.

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of the upper airway of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by Muller maneuver / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study aimed to use computer simulation to describe the fluid dynamic characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to evaluate the difference between during quiet respiration and the Muller maneuver (MM). Seven patients with OSAS were involved to perform computed tomographic (CT) scanning during quiet respiration and the MM. CT data in DICOM format were transformed into an anatomically three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the upper airway. The velocity magnitude, relative pressure, and flow distribution were obtained. Numerical simulation of airflow was performed to discuss how the MM affected airflow in the upper airway. To measure the discrepancy, the SPSS19.0 software package was utilized for statistic analysis. The results showed that the shape of the upper airway became narrower, and the pressure decreased during the MM. The minimal cross-sectional area (MCSA) of velopharynx was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the airflow velocity in MCSAs of velopharynx and glossopharynx significantly accelerated (P<0.05) during the MM. This study demonstrated the possibility of CFD model combined with the MM for understanding pharyngeal aerodynamics in the pathophysiology of OSAS.

Computational fluid dynamics simulation of the upper airway of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by Muller maneuver / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study aimed to use computer simulation to describe the fluid dynamic characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and to evaluate the difference between during quiet respiration and the Muller maneuver (MM). Seven patients with OSAS were involved to perform computed tomographic (CT) scanning during quiet respiration and the MM. CT data in DICOM format were transformed into an anatomically three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the upper airway. The velocity magnitude, relative pressure, and flow distribution were obtained. Numerical simulation of airflow was performed to discuss how the MM affected airflow in the upper airway. To measure the discrepancy, the SPSS19.0 software package was utilized for statistic analysis. The results showed that the shape of the upper airway became narrower, and the pressure decreased during the MM. The minimal cross-sectional area (MCSA) of velopharynx was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the airflow velocity in MCSAs of velopharynx and glossopharynx significantly accelerated (P<0.05) during the MM. This study demonstrated the possibility of CFD model combined with the MM for understanding pharyngeal aerodynamics in the pathophysiology of OSAS.

Gene detection of GPD1-L and the association with sudden unexplained death syndrome in young adults / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the variations of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 like gene (GPD1-L) and address the association with sudden manhood death syndrome (SMDS).@*METHODS@#The genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples of the SMDS group and the normal control group. The exons, exon-intron boundaries and 3'-UTRs of coding region of GPD1-L were PCR amplified and DNA sequenced directly to confirm the types of variations. The genotype frequency and allele frequency were analyzed statistically.@*RESULTS@#There were two variants in the SMDS group, c.465C>T and c.*18G>T, the latter existed certain degree difference of genotype distribution and allele frequency between the SMDS group and the control group, but there was no statistically significant (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The relation between gene mutation of GPD1-L and the occurrence of Chinese SMDS deserves a further research.

Epidemiological survey of congenital heart disease among people aged from 4 to 18 in Haidong area of Qinghai province / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of congenital heart disease (COHD) among 4 to 17 years old children in Haidong area of Qinghai province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All 97 718 children were surveyed with the following 3 steps: prescreening, countershock and confirmation with color Doppler. The distribution patterns were analyzed by national groups, ages and genders respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 496 COHD cases detected. The total incidence was 5.076 per thousand (496/97 718). The incidences of male and female were 5.046 per thousand (256/50 730) and 5.108 per thousand (240/46 988) (chi(2) = 0.018, P > 0.05). There was a significant difference between Pingan county and the others (chi(2) = 10.62, P < 0.01). The highest incidence was in Ledu (5.46 per thousand), the incidences of Huzhu and Pingan county were 5.45 per thousand and 3.64 per thousand respectively. There was no significant difference among different national groups (chi(2) = 0.33, P > 0.05). Among 496 COHD cases, the ratio of atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were 37.30%, 35.69% and 22.18% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Total incidence of COHD was 5.076 per thousand in Haidong area of Qinghai province. The incidence was not different in both genders and national groups. The constitution of COHD in different counties were different.</p>

Analysis of 574 cases of high-fall death / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a database of high-fall death cases for future forensic study and practice, based on the scene investigation, injury characteristics and other informations.@*METHODS@#Five hundred and four cases of high-fall death from 5 provinces and cities were included in the study. Data including personal information of the deceased, scene investigation, autopsy findings, history of mental illness and the results of toxicology were collected and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The male accidental death rate was significantly higher than that of female. No case of suicide was found in the 0-10 age group, while the suicide rate was apparently higher in the 60 years or over age group than that of accident. Most of the accident cases occurred at workplace, with head landing first and foot or lower-extremity landing first observed from height below 10 m and between 10-25 m, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The majority of cases have obvious conclusions. A substantial set of the cases, however, is still difficult to determine the mechanism of injury and the manner of death. So further study should be performed.